trees

ahke   na. sap, pitch, gum. Etym: *pekiwa. Category: trees.

-ávas   vta. cut down s.o., fell s.o. especially to fell (cut down) a tree. É-ávȧsóho. He felled him. See: -avoh(n). Category: cut, trees.

-ávoh(n)   vta. fell s.o., chop down s.o. can be of felling a tree. É-ávȯhnóho. He knocked him down. Ná-ávóhno hoohtsėstse. I felled a tree. Category: trees.

-e'xonȯhoné   vai. scrape trees. É-e'xonȯhōne. He peeled bark off trees. Category: trees.

-háestaená   vai. have many branches. É-háestaēna. He (tree) has many branches. É-háestaenao'o. They have many branches. Variant: -háestȯhestaená. Category: trees, quantity.

-háo'ohe   vai. many trees (or other woody plants). used only with plural subjects. É-háo'ȯheo'o. They (animate) are many in number. This is of woody plants such as trees or turnips. fai: -ó'ohe. See: -háanóohe; -háestȯxe; -šéškó'ohe. Category: trees.

-hátaa'ėstó'ohe   vai. tall. of trees or certain other plants, such as turnips. only used in pl. Phon: redup Medial ó'(e)-. É-hátaa'ėstó'ȯheo'o. They are tall. Non-reduplicated -háa'ėstó'ohee. See: -háa'ėstahe. Category: trees.

heséo'ho   ni. root. Plural heséo'honȯtse, heséeohonȯtse ??. Category: check. Ques: heseo'o ?? Category: check. Ques: recheck?? Category: check. See: hesótseve; heséeo'ȯtse. Category: trees.

hesótseve   ni. root. Plural hesótsevȯtse. Usage: obsolescing See: -htsėsótseve; heséeo'ȯtse; heséo'ho. Category: trees.

hestaahtsé-   pv. branch. hesó'xėhestaahtsémenó'e currant bush (lit. slippery-branched-berry-wood). Category: trees.

hestáa'e   ni. 1 • branch, limb. Morph: /hehtaen/. Phon: vs; iah Plural hestaenȯtse; Oblique hestaenōva. Etym: *wehtehkweni. Category: trees.

2 • Branch. Category: names.

-hestaenevó'ohe   vai. have branches. É-hestaenevó'ohe. (The tree) has branches. Category: trees.

homenó'e   na. elm. translation is uncertain; said to be "some kind of tall and skinny tree". Medial -ó'(e). AltPl = homeno'eho ?? Category: check. Plural homenó'eo'o. Category: trees.

hoohtsėstse   na. 1 • tree. (another recording) Morph: /hoóhtet/. This sense of the word is used as superordinate category label, which would include various specific kinds of trees, for example šéstótó'e, mótó'e; the unmarked species is the cottonwood; cottonwood is also referred to with the addition of the prototype prenoun xamae-, that is, xamae-hoohtsėstse. Etym: cf. *asa:twiya 'poplar'. Plural hoóhtseto, (another recording); Obviative hoóhtseto. (another recording) Hoohtsėstse éméhnevāse. The tree is worm eaten. See: ma'táa'e ‘forest’.

2 • cottonwood tree. See: xamaehoohtsėstse. Category: trees.

hoóhtsetsémahpe   ni. sap. Lit: tree-water Category: trees.

-hoxa'eta   vai. immature, green, novice. É-hoxa'eta. He's a novice. Ésó'-hoxa'eta. He (for example, a tree) is still green. See: -hoxo'ȯhtsévahe. Category: trees.

-htoóhtsetamané   v. create trees, trees - create. Nȧ-htoóhtsetamaneo'o. We (incl) created the trees. Category: trees.

ka'háo'ȯtse   ni. stump. refers to a naturally occurring stump for example, a tree broken off by wind; can also refer to a stumpy tree, short, for example, from odd growth. Plural ka'háotsėstse. ka'háotȯtse may be preferred pl. Plural ka'háotseto. this pl. is anim. and may refer to a still alive stumpy tree? AltPl=ka'háotȯtse Morph: /ka'háot/. Phon: vs Category: trees.

ma'taā'e   loc. to the forest, in the forest. ni: ma'táa'e. Category: trees.

ma'táa'e   1 • ni. forest, timber, brush. Plural ma'taā'ėstse; Locative ma'taā'e. Phon: iah Etym: cf. *me'teko:ki 'trees'. See: ma'tšėške; ma'tāno; mátȧhaa'e; hoohtsėstse ‘tree’; éstávóne ‘grove’. Phon: not vs Category: environment, trees.

2 • na. Forest. Category: names.

-ma'taa'eve   vii. be a forest. É-ma'taa'eve. It is a forest. Category: trees.

-mámenéé'e   vai. stand tall. especially of a tree. É-mámenéé'e. He (especially a huge tree) is standing. Morph: /-mámenéé/. Phon: vs See: -néé'e. Category: trees.

-méhnevasé   vai. worm eaten - be, wormy - be?? É-méhnevāse. He is worm eaten. Hoohtsėstse é-méhnevāse. The tree is worm eaten. Category: check, trees.

me'ėškēma   na. box elder. Plural me'ėškemáhne; Obviative me'ėškemáhne. Ques: recheck mé' or me'?? Category: trees, check.

-mé'oéseotse   vai. appear hanging. for example, of the "cotton" that flies off of cottonwood trees. É-mé'oéseotseo'o vóhpééva. The "cotton" is flying off (the trees). Category: trees.

ménó'k   na. willow. Plural méno'keo'o; AlternatePlural méno'keho; Obviative méno'keho, méno'ko; Medial -ó'(e). Etym: cf. Sh miitwa'ki, miitwa'kii0a (but note PA under entry méstse 'cottonwood sapling'). See: ménó'e; mésó'ke; hó'otseonó'e. Category: trees.

ménó'kėšé'e   ni. willow stand, willow grove. See: Ménó'ėšé'e. Category: trees, check.

mestse   na. cottonwood sapling, young cottonwood, cottonwood. Obviative méstseho; Plural méstseho. AltPl=méstseo'o Category: check. Etym: *miitwiya 'quaking aspen, American poplar'. these are used in the altar of Sun Dance. See: ménó'ke. Category: trees.

-méstsėše'eve   vii. cottonwood grove. É-méstsėše'eve. It is a cottonwood grove. Lit: where there is a cottonwood grove See: tséhméstsėše'eve. Category: trees.

-móhtóna'há   vii. breezy. Lit: move-by.wind É-móhtóná'ha. It's breezy. windy enough for trees to move some. Phon: hl Antonym -tonȯhta'há. See: -momóhtóna'há; -háa'há; -tonȯhta'há. Category: trees, wind.

mótó'e   na. ash (tree). Plural móto'eo'o; Obviative motó'eho ??. Category: check. term is used of the forked ash post used in the Sun Dance lodge. Medial -ó'(e). Category: wood, trees.

-noóno'ohe   vai. dried up (of a tree or tuber), withered (of a tree or tuber). É-noóno'ȯheo'o. They (trees) are dried up. fai: -ó'ohe. Category: trees.

oó'ome   na. oak. Usage: not well known Plural oó'omėšéheo'o ??. Category: check, trees.

-séško'ohe   vai. sparse. of trees or tubers, such as turnips. only used with plural subjects. É-séško'ȯheo'o. They are thin (not many in number). Category: trees.

šéstótó'e   na. 1 • pine tree, cedar, evergreen tree. This can mean 'cedar' especially for cedar used in a ceremony. Ques: recheck preceding history?? AltPl = šéstotó'eho Plural šéstotó'e; Obviative šéstotó'é. See: móma'xėšéstoto'e. Category: trees.

2 • Pine. Diminutive Šéstótó'ke. Category: names.

šéstotó'ėšé'e   ni. pine forest. Category: trees.

-tȧhpe'ėstaenevó'ohe   vai. (tree) have big branches. É-tȧhpe'ėstaenevó'ohe. (The tree) has big branches. Category: trees. Medial -ó'.

-tȧhpe'ó'ohe   vai. big tree. É-tȧhpe'ó'ohe. It's a big tree (or similar vegetation). fai: -ó'ohe. Category: trees.

-tó'ėstó'ohe   vai. be tall (of a tree or turnip). É-tó'ėstó'ȯheo'o. They (especially trees) are tall. Phon: redup Non-reduplicated -tsėhe'ėstó'ohe; Final -ó'ohe. Category: trees, size.

-tónovó'ohe   vai. thick, dense. of trees or tubers. É-tónovó'ȯheo'o. They (for example, trees) are thick (dense). Final -ó'ohe. Category: trees.

tséh-méstsėše'eve   vii. cottonwood grove. Lit: where there is a cottonwood grove See: -méstsėše'éve; še'é. Category: trees.

vehpȯtse   ni. leaf, flower. primarily means 'leaf' but sometimes is extended to mean 'flower'. Plural véhpotȯtse. Véhpotȯtse tseasėhóne'ónėstse. Leaves will start to grow. Véhpotȯtse éhová'ȧhanehȯtse. Leaves are gone. See: tsépėhévėstséavó'o'e ‘flower’. Category: trees.

-véhpotseve   vai. be in leaf, leaves - already have. This is especially about trees. Ééše-véhpotséveo'o. They already have leaves.

vii. be in leaf, leaves - already have. Category: trees, plants.

-véhpotséveotse   vii. flower, leaf. This is especially about trees. É-véhpotséveotse. It/He has flowered. Category: trees.

vé'evėšéstotó'e   na. cedars, juniper plants. Lit: fine(.leafed.)pine Not a true cedar but commonly called "cedar" in English by Cheyennes. This word refers to the juniper shrub. ?? See: šéstótó'e. Category: trees, check.

vé'keehoohtsėstse   ni. sugar maple. See: hoóhtset. Category: trees. Lit: sweet-tree

vénȧho'ȯhtse   ni. heartwood. of a tree. Etym: cf. *wiikwepyi ‘basswood inner bark’. Ques: possibly vénȧho'ȯtse? Category: trees.

véškeē'e   na. birch, aspen. a kind of tree used for the lodge pole and poles, used in Sun Dance lodge aspen ?? Category: check. Usage: translation uncertain Ques: véškee'e ?? Category: check. véškeē'e ?? aspens. véškeē'ėstse some kind of vine (pl.?)? ?? Locative véškee'ēva. Etym: *wi·kwe·hs- 'birch'. Category: check, trees.

véškee'éhoohtsėstse   na. aspen, birch. Usage: translation uncertain said to be "trees with black spots on them". See: hoohtsėstse. Category: trees.

-vó'konȧho'he   vai. bleached by the sun. É-vó'konȧho'he. He (for example, his skeleton) is lying there white. É-vó'konȧho'heo'o. They (for example, trees) are dried up (looking white with bark peeled). Category: trees.

xamaehoohtsėstse   na. cottonwood. Lit: ordinary-tree Usage: commonly used term possibly omission of the prototype prenoun xamae- can also refer to the cottonwood. Plural xamaehoóhtseto; Obviative xamaehoóhtseto. See: hoohtsėstse. Category: trees.